Institute for Inquiry
Context Questions Research People, Places Creative Works
INTRODUCTION:

Bernie Krause has been recording and studying natural soundscapes–biophonies–since 1968, and owns the world's largest private library of nature sounds. Today, 40% of the soundscapes he has recorded have been extinguished by manmade noise pollution, or by habitat and species losses, and will never be heard "live" again.
As Krause and others discovered, each place on earth has a unique soundscape. Plotted out on a spectrogram, we can see "acoustical niches" for every creature, thrumming like instruments in an orchestra. Such complexities of physics, biology, and ecologies have evolved over millions of years. By studying ecologies through their soundscapes, we can learn more about overall health–and in just a few moments–than we can from exhaustive species counts.
The concept of soundscapes is relatively new, made possible not only by advanced audio technologies but also by an increased awareness of the impact of manmade sound on predator/prey dynamics, reproduction, orientation and migration. It can take up to 45-minutes for a biophony to return to its full expression after an airliner passes overhead; and underwater sonar can beach whales.
Beyond sound pollution and its mitigation, however, a larger set of questions arises with a wireless age. As personal technologies become commonplace, so too do customized soundscapes. Each of us can choose whatever and to whomever we prefer to listen, almost wherever and whenever we'd like.
For the first time in history it is both possible and crucial to ask how can we become more aware, not less, of the soundscapes we listen to. How are our choices charged with significance for the world we are creating–and for who we become in it?
Read An Interview with Bernie Krause. Related: Eco-phenomenology; Public Trust Doctrine
Sign up for your e-announcement of next postings, which will incorporate IFI's Network contributors.

This video is a sound experience. Please adjust your volume.

"An Interview
With Bernie Krause"

Interview: HTML / PDF
Listen: Biophony mp3s
Ask: Your questions here.

BERNIE KRAUSE has recorded and evaluated the interplay between habitat and creature vocalizations in many places worldwide, including the research sites of Jane Goodall (Gombe, Tanzania), Birute Galdikas (Camp Leakey, Borneo), and Dian Fosse (Karisoke, Rwanda). Earlier, as a musician, Krause replaced Pete Seeger in The Weavers (1963); and introduced the synthesizer to music and film industries. Most recently, he completed the first baseline recording of Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in partnership with The Murie Center, 2006. And, is actively promoting natural soundscapes for public uses and education. For more information, please visit www.wildsanctuary.com.

NETWORK INVITATIONSRecommended Recording Equipment

Educators & Students K-12: What questions and hypotheses do you propose for recording biophonies in gardens, fields, or wilds near your home or school? What questions do you propose for researching the soundscapes that people listen to and take part in? How does your study of soundscapes lead to new understanding of the world that exists?
Physics/Biology/Ecology Students & Researchers: Conduct baseline recordings of places worldwide; and propose uses of soundscapes and spectrograms to advance understanding of physical, biological, and ecological phenomena.
Anthropology/Art/Cultural Studies: What human capacities are called forth by varying soundscapes; explore 'co-constitutive' processes associated with sound? Explore indigenous cultures living in direct relation to natural soundscapes?
Environmental Sociology/Human Ecology/Political Ecology: What ecological/social changes are associated with silencing biophonies while living amidst manmade & personalized soundscapes? Explore artificial vs. wild soundscapes.
Literature: Explore human existence in varying soundscapes, and in silence. Explore deafness and deaf cultures?
Philosophy: How do the works of Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, Heidegger, Levinas, et al., contribute to our understanding of soundscapes? How is ethical know-how, sense of self-and-other, experience of boundaries, and so forth, tied to sound?
Elders: What are your observations of changes in soundscapes--what people hear and attend to--over the past century?
Open Category: Propose ideas for projects that will contribute to local/global understanding of bio-cultural changes through soundscapes.